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Laundry and cleaning

Russian has three verbs where English has one “wash” — and picking the wrong one is a classic slip.

Quick answer

Стира́ть = wash clothes. Мыть = wash dishes, floors, hands. Убира́ть = tidy up.

Laundry

стира́тьstirátto wash clothes
стира́льная маши́наstirálnaya mashínawashing machine
порошо́кporoshókwashing powder
бельёbelyólaundry, linen
суши́тьsushítto dry
гла́дитьgláditto iron
пятно́pyatnóstain

Cleaning

убира́тьubirátto tidy, to clean up
пылесо́сpylesósvacuum cleaner
пыльpyldust (f.)
тря́пкаtryápkacloth
ведро́vedróbucket
мы́ть посу́дуmyt posúduto wash up
му́сорmúsorrubbish

Dry cleaning

химчи́сткаkhimchístkadry cleaner’s
пра́чечнаяpráchechnayalaundrette
вы́вести пятно́vývesti pyatnóto remove a stain
гото́воgotóvoready

Three verbs for “wash”

Я стира́ю руба́шку.I’m washing a shirt.
Я мо́ю посу́ду.I’m washing the dishes.
Я убира́ю кварти́ру.I’m cleaning the flat.
Я мо́юсь.I’m washing myself.

Never стира́ть посу́ду

Clothes are стира́ют; everything else is мо́ют. Стира́ть посу́ду would mean putting plates in the washing machine, which is exactly how it sounds to a Russian ear.

At the dry cleaner’s

Мо́жно вы́вести э́то пятно́?Can this stain be removed?
Когда́ бу́дет гото́во?When will it be ready?
То́лько поглади́ть, пожа́луйста.Just ironing, please.

Typical mistakes

Я стира́ю посу́ду.

Я мо́ю посу́ду.

Only clothes are стира́ть.

мой пыль

моя́ пыль

пыль ends in -ь and is feminine.

Check yourself

How do you say “I’m washing the dishes”?

Dishes are мо́ют.

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