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Russian food and drink

The words you need to read a menu, order in a café and survive a Russian dinner table — where saying no to a second helping is harder than any grammar.

Quick answer

The essentials: хлеб (bread), вода́ (water), чай (tea), ко́фе (coffee). To order, say Я бу́ду… (“I’ll have…”). To pay: Счёт, пожа́луйста.

Everyday food

хлебkhlebbread (m.)
сырsyrcheese (m.)
мя́соmyásomeat (n.)
ры́баrýbafish (f.)
ку́рицаkúritsachicken (f.)
яйцо́yaytsóegg (n.)
карто́шкаkartóshkapotatoes (f.)
сала́тsalátsalad (m.)
супsupsoup (m.)
я́блокоyáblokoapple (n.)

Drinks

вода́vodáwater (f.)
чайchaytea (m.)
ко́феkófecoffee (m.)
молоко́molokómilk (n.)
сокsokjuice (m.)
пи́воpívobeer (n.)
вино́vinówine (n.)

ко́фе is masculine

It ends in -е like a neuter noun, but the standard is masculine: чёрный ко́фе. Many Russians say чёрное ко́фе in casual speech and dictionaries now accept it — but masculine is never wrong.

Three dishes everyone knows

борщborshchbeetroot soup — Щ at the end, not “borscht”
пельме́ниpel’ménidumplings (plural)
блины́blinýthin pancakes (plural)

Meals of the day

RussianEnglishWhen
за́втракbreakfastmorning
обе́дlunchthe main meal, 1–3 pm
у́жинdinnerevening

Ordering at a café

— Что бу́дете зака́зывать?— What would you like to order?
— Я бу́ду борщ и чай, пожа́луйста.— I’ll have the borscht and a tea, please.
— С молоко́м?— With milk?
— Нет, без молока́. С лимо́ном.— No, without milk. With lemon.
— Прия́тного аппети́та!— Enjoy your meal!
— Счёт, пожа́луйста.— The bill, please.

Notice без молока́: after без (without) the noun takes the genitive. And с молоко́м — with milk — is the instrumental. Food is where you meet the cases first.

Typical mistakes

Я борщ.

Я бу́ду борщ.

“Я борщ” means “I am borscht”. Russians order with бу́ду — “I will (have)”.

без молоко́

без молока́

без always takes the genitive.

Check yourself

You want your tea without sugar. You say: Чай без ___, пожа́луйста.

без takes the genitive: са́хар → са́хара.

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