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Numbers with nouns

The number decides the case of the noun after it. Three groups, and the last digit is what counts.

Quick answer

1 → nominative (оди́н стол). 2–4 → genitive singular (два стола́). 5 and up → genitive plural (пять столо́в). For big numbers, only the last digit matters.

The three groups

NumberNoun formExample
1, 21, 31 …nominative singularоди́н стол, два́дцать оди́н стол
2, 3, 4, 22, 23 …genitive singularдва стола́, два́дцать три стола́
5–20, 25 …genitive pluralпять столо́в, два́дцать пять столо́в

11 to 14 are the exception inside the exception: they always take the genitive plural — оди́ннадцать столо́в.

1 and 2 also change for gender

оди́н стол, одна́ кни́га, одно́ окно́one table, one book, one window
два стола́, две кни́гиtwo tables, two books — две for feminine
Мне два́дцать оди́н год.I am twenty-one. — год, not го́да

Money and time

Ско́лько сто́ит?How much does it cost?
Сто рубле́й.A hundred roubles.
Два часа́.Two o’clock. / Two hours.
Пять мину́т.Five minutes.

Typical mistakes

два кни́ги

две кни́ги

Feminine nouns take две, not два.

пять стола́

пять столо́в

From five onwards the noun goes into the genitive plural.

Check yourself

How do you say “five books”?

Five and up take the genitive plural, and кни́га loses its ending entirely: книг.

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