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Where the stress falls

The hardest part of Russian is not the cases. It is the one thing the spelling never tells you.

Quick answer

Russian stress is free (it can sit on any syllable) and mobile (it can move when the word changes). It is not marked in print — which is why Davaigo marks it everywhere.

Three patterns

PatternExampleWhat happens
fixed on the stemкни́га → кни́ги → кни́геnever moves
fixed on the endingстол → стола́ → столу́always on the ending
mobileрука́ → ру́ку → ру́киmoves between the two

Roughly two thirds of nouns are fixed, which means most of the time the stress you learn is the stress you keep.

Pairs that only stress separates

за́мок — замо́кcastle — lock
до́ма — дома́at home — houses
пла́чу — плачу́I cry — I pay
му́ка — мука́torment — flour

These are not curiosities. пла́чу and плачу́ come up in real sentences, and the wrong one changes what you said.

How to learn it

Learn every word with its stress from day one, the way you learn gender. Say new words out loud — silent reading lets the stress stay vague. And use the recordings: one hearing fixes a stress better than ten readings.

Why the marks disappear in Russia

Russian print marks stress only in dictionaries and children’s books. Natives do not need it. Learners do — which is exactly the gap this site fills.

Typical mistakes

зво́нит

звони́т

The most-mocked stress mistake in Russian, made by natives too.

Learning a word without its stress

Learn кни́га, not книга

You will have to unlearn it later, which takes longer.

Check yourself

What does замо́к mean?

За́мок is a castle, замо́к a lock.

Want it all in one place?

Russian Basics has Cyrillic, the cases and 1,000 words in one PDF — stress marked on every word, exercises with answers.

Get the guide — $19