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A1Case 6 of 6Предло́жный паде́ж

The prepositional case

The only case that never appears alone: it always follows в, на or о — and it tells you where something is.

Quick answer

The prepositional answers где? о чём? (where? about what?). It is used only after в (in), на (on, at) and о (about). Most nouns simply take .

Я живу́ в Москве́. Мы говори́м о кни́ге.

I live in Moscow. We are talking about a book.

When you need it

1. Where something is: в and на

Я в шко́ле.I am at school. — в шко́лу would be “to school”
Кни́га на столе́.The book is on the table.
Он на рабо́те.He is at work.

2. What you are talking about: о

Мы говори́м о фи́льме.We are talking about the film.
Кни́га о Росси́и.A book about Russia.

3. Transport you are inside of

Я в авто́бусе.I am on the bus. — inside, so в + prepositional

The endings

Noun ends inPrepositionalExample
most nounsестол → о столе́, ма́ма → о ма́ме
-ия, -ие, -ийииРосси́я → в Росси́и
feminine -ьиночь → о но́чи
plural+ах / яхгорода́ → в города́х

A handful of masculine nouns take a stressed -у́ after в/на: в лесу́, в саду́, на полу́. Learn them as you meet them.

в or на?

Buildings and countries take в: в шко́ле, в Росси́и. Events, open spaces and a fixed list take на: на рабо́те, на ры́нке, на по́чте, на ю́ге. The list is short and worth memorising.

Adjectives and pronouns

Masculine / neuterFemininePlural
ending-ом / -ем-ой / -ей-ых / -их
но́выйв но́вом до́мев но́вой кни́гев но́вых города́х

Typical mistakes

Я живу́ в Москву́.

Я живу́ в Москве́.

Being somewhere = prepositional. The accusative would mean you are moving there.

Мы говори́м о Росси́е.

Мы говори́м о Росси́и.

Nouns in -ия take -ии, never -ие.

Check yourself

Я рабо́таю в ___. (шко́ла — school)

Being somewhere takes the prepositional: в шко́ле. В шко́лу means going there.

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