Quick answer
Additions use с + instrumental: с молоко́м, с са́харом. Omissions use без + genitive: без са́хара.
The drinks
What goes in
The kit
Being offered tea
Ча́ю, not чай
Tea is one of a handful of nouns with a special partitive form in -у: ча́ю, са́хару, ко́фе. Хо́чешь ча́ю? means “want some tea”; Хо́чешь чай? is also heard and sounds a shade more concrete.
Ко́фе: masculine or neuter?
Traditionally masculine — чёрный ко́фе — because it came from the older form ко́фий. Neuter is now officially tolerated in speech, but in writing and with anyone who cares about language, use masculine. Tea has no such problem.
Typical mistakes
чёрное ко́фе
чёрный ко́фе
ко́фе is traditionally masculine.
с са́хар
с са́харом
с takes the instrumental.
Check yourself
Which is correct?