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A1How to sayya ne ponimáyu

How to say “I don’t understand” in Russian

Say this one clearly and most Russians will slow down and help you through the rest.

Quick answer

Я не понима́ю

ya ne ponimáyu — the single most useful sentence of your first month

The options

Я не понима́ю.I don’t understand.
Я пло́хо говорю́ по-ру́сски.I speak Russian badly.
Повтори́те, пожа́луйста.Please repeat that.
Говори́те ме́дленнее, пожа́луйста.Please speak more slowly.
Что э́то зна́чит?What does that mean?
Как по-ру́сски…?How do you say … in Russian?

Не понима́ю or не по́нял?

Я не понима́ю means you are lost in general. Я не по́нял (man) or Я не поняла́ (woman) means you missed that one sentence — which is usually the more accurate thing to say.

What you hear back

Поня́тно.I see. / Understood.
Хорошо́, ме́дленнее.All right, more slowly.
Вы говори́те по-англи́йски?Do you speak English?

Typical mistakes

Я не зна́ю — when you mean “I didn’t catch that”

Я не понима́ю.

знать is about facts, понима́ть about understanding.

Говори́те ме́дленно, пожа́луйста.

Говори́те ме́дленнее, пожа́луйста.

You want it *more* slowly — the comparative.

Check yourself

You missed one sentence. What fits best?

For one missed sentence, the perfective не по́нял (or не поняла́) is the natural choice.

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