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Weather and seasons

Small talk in any country starts here — and in Russia it genuinely matters.

Quick answer

Weather sentences have no subject: Хо́лодно (it’s cold), Идёт дождь (it’s raining — literally “rain is going”).

What it is doing

пого́даpogódaweather
со́лнцеsóntsesun — the л is silent
дождьdozhdrain
снегsnegsnow
ве́терvéterwind
моро́зmorózfrost
гра́дусgrádusdegree

How it feels

хо́лодноkhólodnocold
тепло́teplówarm
жа́ркоzhárkohot
прохла́дноprokhládnocool
со́лнечноsólnechnosunny

The seasons

зима́zimáwinter
весна́vesnáspring
ле́тоlétosummer
о́сеньósenautumn (f.)

In use

Кака́я сего́дня пого́да?What’s the weather like today?
Идёт дождь.It is raining.
Идёт снег.It is snowing.
Сего́дня ми́нус два́дцать.It is minus twenty today.
Зимо́й о́чень хо́лодно.It is very cold in winter. — зимо́й is instrumental

Typical mistakes

Э́то хо́лодно.

Хо́лодно.

Weather sentences need no subject at all.

Дождь идёт на у́лицу.

На у́лице идёт дождь.

Outside as a place is на у́лице, prepositional.

Check yourself

How do you say “it is raining”?

Russian says the rain “goes”: идёт дождь.

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