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Building your first sentences

Five steps that turn the grammar you have read about into sentences you can actually say.

Quick answer

Pick the subject (nominative), pick the verb (agree with the person), pick the object (accusative), add the extras (each preposition brings its case). No “is”, no articles.

Step by step

1. Subject in the nominative: Я. 2. Verb for that person: чита́ю. 3. Object in the accusative: кни́гу. 4. Extras with their prepositions: в па́рке. 5. Put the new information last.

Я чита́ю.I read.
Я чита́ю кни́гу.I am reading a book.
Я чита́ю кни́гу в па́рке.I am reading a book in the park.
В па́рке я чита́ю кни́гу.In the park, I read a book. — the place is now the topic

What Russian leaves out

No articles (кни́га is “a book” and “the book”), no “is” in the present (Он врач), and often no pronoun when it is obvious from the verb ending.

Two sentence types to start with

PatternExampleUse
Это + nounЭ́то кни́га.naming things
Subject + verb + objectЯ чита́ю кни́гу.doing things
У меня́ есть + nounУ меня́ есть брат.having things
Мне + adverbМне хо́лодно.how you feel

The fastest progress

Take one pattern, swap only the vocabulary, and say twenty versions out loud. That converts grammar you have read into grammar you can use.

Typical mistakes

Я есть чита́ю кни́га.

Я чита́ю кни́гу.

No auxiliary, and the object takes the accusative.

Это есть моя́ кни́га.

Э́то моя́ кни́га.

No “is” in the present tense.

Check yourself

Which sentence is correct?

The object takes the accusative: кни́гу.

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