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Fruit and vegetables

What you point at on a Russian market stall — and what the seller will call it.

Quick answer

Fruit is фру́кты, vegetables are о́вощи. At the market you order by weight: килогра́мм or полкило́.

Fruit

я́блокоyáblokoapple
бана́нbanánbanana
апельси́нapelsínorange
лимо́нlimónlemon
виногра́дvinográdgrapes
клубни́каklubníkastrawberry
гру́шаgrúshapear

Vegetables

карто́шкаkartóshkapotatoes
помидо́рpomidórtomato
огуре́цogúretscucumber
лукlukonion
морко́вьmorkóvcarrot (f.)
капу́стаkapústacabbage
грибgribmushroom

At the market

ры́нокrýnokmarket
килогра́ммkilográmkilogram
полкило́polkilóhalf a kilo
све́жийsvézhyfresh
сла́дкийsládkysweet

At the stall

Килогра́мм я́блок, пожа́луйста.A kilo of apples, please. — genitive plural
Э́то све́жее?Is this fresh?
Ско́лько сто́ит килогра́мм?How much is a kilo?

Mushrooms are serious

Picking грибы́ in autumn is a national pastime, and Russians will ask whether you know which ones are edible. The honest answer is usually no.

Typical mistakes

килогра́мм я́блоки

килогра́мм я́блок

A quantity takes the genitive plural.

мой морко́вь

моя́ морко́вь

морко́вь ends in -ь and is feminine.

Check yourself

How do you ask for a kilo of apples?

Quantity plus genitive plural: я́блок.

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