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A1irregularimperfectivepf. съесть

есть

One of the four genuinely irregular verbs in Russian — and a word that has a famous twin.

Quick answer

ем, ешь, ест, еди́м, еди́те, едя́т

to eat. Irregular: ем, ешь, ест, еди́м, еди́те, едя́т. The identical word есть also means “there is / I have”.

Conjugation

PersonPresentPast
яемел
тыешьел
он / она́естел / е́ла
мыеди́ме́ли
выеди́тее́ли
они́едя́те́ли
FormRussianNote
infinitiveестьimperfective
aspect partnerсъестьperfective: to eat it all up
futureбу́ду есть / съемprocess or a finished meal
imperativeешь / е́шьтеeat!
🔊 Singular on the stem, plural on the ending: ем … еди́м, едя́т

Which form to learn first

Я не ем мя́со — the sentence that saves every vegetarian at a Russian dinner table.

Я не ем мя́со.I don’t eat meat.
Что ты ешь?What are you eating?
Мы еди́м в семь.We eat at seven.
Прия́тного аппети́та!Enjoy your meal!

Two words spelled есть

The infinitive есть (to eat) and the есть in у меня́ есть (I have) look identical and are unrelated. Context separates them without effort: one has a plate next to it, the other a possession.

Typical mistakes

Я ешу́

Я ем

есть is irregular: the я form is simply ем.

Я ем ру́сский.

Я ем борщ.

A slip worth avoiding — don’t confuse the verb with a language.

Check yourself

Мы ___ в семь часо́в. — We eat at seven.

мы → еди́м, with the stress on the ending.

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